The Bally's hotel-casino executive in charge of luring Asian customers to the Strip property, and her fiance, a retired radiologist, have been indicted by a federal grand jury on conspiracy and money laundering charges. Las Vegas Sun 4/1/98 Crime in the home of three of northeast Kansas' four casinos, is rising like the jackpot of a tight slot. Very few econometric studies are available which examine the (alleged) relationship between legalized casino gambling and crime rates. Using data from five states with recently legalized casino gambling, and the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports, I develop a fairly simple model to predict the effect of casino gambling on total crime.
Vol. 88, No. 1 (Feb., 2006), pp. 28-45 (18 pages)
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We examine the relationship between casinos and crime using county-level data for the United States between 1977 and 1996. Casinos were nonexistent outside Nevada before 1978, and expanded to many other states during our sample period. Most factors that reduce crime occur before or shortly after a casino opens, whereas those that increase crime, including problem and pathological gambling, occur over time. The results suggest that the effect on crime is low shortly after a casino opens, and grows over time. Roughly 8% of crime in casino counties in 1996 was attributable to casinos, costing the average adult $75 per year.
The Review of Economics and Statistics is an 84-year old general journal of applied (especially quantitative) economics. Edited at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government, The Review has published some of the most important articles in empirical economics. From time to time, The Review also publishes collections of papers or symposia devoted to a single topic of methodological or empirical interest.
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Back in 2001, Toronto police weren’t painting a rosy picture of the neighbourhood surrounding Woodbine Racetrack.
Crime spiked, they said, after 1,752 electronic slot machines came on the scene in March 2000.
In the vicinity near the racetrack, overall criminal offences rose from 994 in 1999 to 1,267 the next year — a 27.46 per cent increase, according to a 2001 police report. Broken down, violent crime jumped 28.57 per cent and property crime 15.98 per cent. Just north, traffic offences under the criminal code, such as impaired driving, shot up 41.51 per cent.
The data, while somewhat dated, shows gaming can cause ancillary problems for a neighbourhood — at least initially.
While police said Friday that more recent statistics for the area around the slots were not immediately available, one officer on the beat for the last 10 years said he’s seen a steady decrease in crime.
It’s an issue GTA residents will have to ponder when deciding whether they want a casino in their midst.
The province is reopening the issue of casinos as part of a reorganization of gaming, arguing it could add $1.3 billion to public coffers. But it has left any final say up to municipalities.
This week, Toronto City Council postponed deciding whether to hold a referendum, instead voting to send the issue to an executive committee. In 1997, residents of all six of the former municipalities that now make up Toronto rejected allowing a casino.
The 2001 report was prepared for the Toronto Police Services Board for the purpose of asking for 18 additional officers to deal with the onslaught. While police were careful to say the slots were not solely responsible for increases in crime, the report said their introduction was a “contributing factor.”
One indicator of the effects of gaming on the neighbourhood was that more pawn shops and second-hand stores were popping up, it said.
Toronto police Supt. Ron Taverner said crime rates around the racetrack these days are relatively low compared with other areas of the city. “From a policing perspective, I don’t see any issues at all,” he said, adding that fears of increased prostitution, loan sharking and even traffic flow and parking problems didn’t pan out.
On Thursday, Police Chief Bill Blair echoed the sentiment, saying, “I certainly don’t perceive it’s been a significant public safety issue for us. It’s a well-organized, well-managed business, and they work very closely with the police.”
Las Vegas Casino Crime
At the time the report was prepared, Julian Fantino, now the Conservative MP for Vaughan, was Toronto’s chief of police.
Retired Queen’s University law professor Stanley Sadinsky isn’t convinced that crime automatically comes with casinos. In Windsor, Ont. — home to one commercial casino — crime rates actually went down, he said.
Sadinsky added that he thinks police departments have also seen the introduction of casinos as an occasion to increase their manpower. “There was this worry that there would be a problem, and monies were suddenly available to municipalities. If I were the chief of police I’d make the case for more resources as well.”
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